The Historical Perspective Of Social Work Social Work Essay

The Historical Perspective Of Social Work Social Work Essay The purpose of this essay is to examine the historical and political perspective of social work provision in relation to people with dementia. It will explore how the development of social work practice has transformed these groups, the impact of social exclusion they experienced that lead to discrimination and/or oppression and the benefit of listening to service users views. The primary mission of social work profession is to enhance human well-being and help meet the basic human needs of all people, with particular attention to the needs and empowerment of people who are vulnerable, oppressed and living in poverty (Baker 1999 Pg 55). Social work has an important role to play in coordinating efforts to support people with dementia who may often have negative experiences of mental health services. As a result, it will be a challenge to provide effective social support to these groups in an environment where their views are being seen as significant and where they do not receive services fairly and uniformly (SCIE July 2008). The medical terms dementia has developed since the 19th century and was used to describe people whose mental disabilities were secondary to acquired brain damage, usually degenerative and often associated with old age (Tibbs 2001). Before the 19th century, a person with dementia would probably have been confined to the workhouses. (Marshall et al 2006). During this period, many sufferers were taken away to a  Workhouse Infirmary with medical care on hand and given outdoor relief (Denney 1998). Whereas charities began to emerge during this era however there were no good measures in place to deliver social work services; no criteria to determine who the deserving and undeserving poor were, therefore help provided were viewed as indiscriminate (Howe 2009). As the 1940s progressed, there were new developments and approaches in the treatment of people with mental disorders. Poor houses for destitute elderly people were slowly replaced by old peoples homes (Marshall et al 2006). The period after the Second World War saw the development of the welfare state. There was a national agreement that the state has an obligation to provide full services in order to respond to problems of poverty, mental health, old age etc (Tibbs 2001). The implementation of Beverage report published in 1942 directed at abolition of squalor, want, ignorance, disease and idleness. The National Assistant Act 1948 laid a foundation upon which future social work was built and created departments to meet the needs of different client groups (Tibbs 2001). During the late 20th century, both conservative and New Labour legislation have an impact on Mental Health reformation. The establishment of Social Service Departments introduced in 1970 reviewed in Seebohm reports (1969), enabled Local Authorities to promote welfare services for the elderly which had not already been included within the framework of some other statutory body. (Tibbs 2001). The 1983 Mental Health Act introduced during the conservative regime mark a further move towards legislation to improve matters with statutory requirements and procedures for social workers to be properly trained in order to carry out professional assessments. The Act ensures professionals who work with elderly people with dementia and indeed those who suffer from mental disorder have a basic understanding of the Mental Health Act, even if they do not act as Approved Social Workers (Tibbs 2001). The role of carers have also been crucial in the field of dementia care through the introduction of The Carers Act 1995 2000, which gave statutory recognition and right to carers, and funding through provision of Direct Payment (Marshall et al 2006). The Mental Capacity Act 2005 is also a relevant Act to people with dementia and their carers. It includes the provision of independent Mental Capacity Advocates (IMCA) to protect vulnerable people and dementia sufferers to gain more control over their lives, plan for the future and have their retained abilities recognised. It is important to address the impact of discrimination on these service groups as they suffer disability and as a result are subject to degrading treatment from the relatively powerful groups within the society. (Tibbs 2001). Research shows that the societys fear towards dementia causes them to avoid people with the condition making them feeling isolated and stigmatised (BBC 2010). According to Thompson (2006), discrimination is a process through which a difference is identified, and can be positive or negative. He suggests that negative discrimination also involves making a negative attribution and attaching devalued label to a person. Dementia is one of the major causes of disability in the elderly, affecting personal care, everyday cognitive activities and social behaviour. To be diagnosed as having dementia involves a great deal of stigma, often resulting in disadvantage and loss of life chances by the sufferers. (Kitwood 1997). Although, dementia is strongly associated to elderly but research shows that increase number of people diagnosed with the ill-health are under 65 years of age and are referred to as young onset dementia (SCIE not dated). These service users are likely to experience inequality because society and professionals fail to recognise that dementia exists in this age group and they can continue to integrate within the society (SCIE not dated). They will have different circumstances in life from older people with dementia because they are more likely to be in paid employment, have young children and have financial commitments. They will have to discontinue employment as most services are not able to cope with their condition which means promotion prospect and pension entitlements are lost. (Marshall et al 2006). Feelings of discrimination and oppression may also be a barrier to people asking for support (Downs et al 2008). From experience, some people from black minority ethnic groups (Asian and Black Community) diagnosed with the ill-health would rather keep it in the family than to get help because they see it as being shameful (BBC 2010). Furthermore, accessing services can be complicated because there are no age-specific services available as most of the developed services are for older people with dementia (Tibbs 2001). Lack of access to services could result in extra burden being placed on families when the care needs exceed the ability to provide (Downs et al 2008). Emotional impact is one of the significant factors experienced by dementia sufferers. There is also a prejudice with sufferers because of the association with madness and psychiatric disorder that the label creates. (Brooker 2007). They also experience social isolation due to withdrawal of friends which diminishes their social networks and inability to meet a perceived societal expectation. (Crawford 2004). From experience with elderly, people sometimes hold ageist view against them by the way they talk to them e.g. name calling as sweet old lady. According to the Alzheimer Society publication, ageist societal attitudes compound the experience of elderly people with dementia who already appear to be prejudiced because of their age and intellectual decline. (Crawford 2004). Health professionals often consciously or otherwise oppress elderly with dementia because of their position of authority which could prevent them from making their own choice thereby disempowering them (Crawford 2004). From experience, professionals sometimes in their attitudes assumed elderly people with dementia are incapable of providing valid information or making decision for themselves, by constantly focusing their attention to their carers instead of the service users. They are often seen as being a burden to the state economy resources and are subjected to considerable pity as they are deemed to be out of their mind Crawford (2004). Research shows that it is often assumed that people with dementia are not articulated enough to express their opinion or views on any aspect of their lives because of problems with communication through speech (Brooker 2007). As a result, practitioners inclined to rely on alternative views, usually provided by family carers, rather than their view. However, the needs, experience and perception of the carer might be different from that of the person they are caring. Empowerment and giving voices to people with dementia is a vital part of anti discriminatory/oppressive practice. (Tibbs 2001). The needs for communicating and empowering dementia sufferers by involving them in decision making became major considerations within social works field. It is anticipated that the Mental Capacity Act, 2005 will address some of these issues. Begum (2006, P.3) defined user involvement as participation of users of services in decisions that affect their lives. People with dementia voices can be valued by promoting active participation within care relationship regardless of their age or cognitive impairment rooting out discriminatory practice. (Marthorpe et al 2003). Involving service users in decision making often leads to increased self-esteem and confidence. (Chaston et al, 2004, P.19) quotes that It is good to feel valued and to be somebody, not just anybody Effective service therefore must be provided to change the needs of people with dementia (Cantley 2001). One of the main principles to consider in social work code of practice as stipulated by the General Social Care Council (GSCC) is the right of service users to be treated with dignity and respect in order for them to make informed choices about the services they received. Practitioners must therefore acknowledge who they are, listen to their circumstances; treat them as a unique person with worthy of dignity and respect. It is therefore imperative that during intervention with service users with dementia, health practitioners should go beyond safety to promote their choice, maintain independence, autonomy and their self determination Cantley (2001). It is essential to encourage these service user groups to express their views and preferences in order to build their personal strengths and confidence. Listening to them will provide them the opportunity to express their views on how dementia affects them, what they consider important in their lives, including how services should meet their health and social care needs (Tibbs 2001). People with dementia, either independently or in small groups, should be given the right to participate directly in service planning and development processes (Warren 2007). Practitioners can provide a range of methods and approaches which will enable them to make a choice that will influence future service provisions. They can be engaged to make decision through direct observation and communicating using specific tools or systems (Warren 2007). This will enabled the practitioners to have a better understanding of individual needs particularly, of people diagnosed with dementia that have complex needs and communication impairment. Research shows that these service users groups can still articulate their opinions about their well-being and quality of care even though they are severely cognitively impaired (Mozley et al 1999). For example, Talking Mat is an innovative method of allowing their views to be heard in order to make decision about managing different aspect of their life (SCIE not dated). They can also be involved in activities through collective approach which will provide them the opportunity to be in control by acting collectively to influence services and the broader communities. Such activities are often combined with elements of peer support and empower them through collective involvement (Cantley 2001). It is also important to devise services that will fulfil their needs by obtaining the necessary information from them, which could be by occasionally adjusting services that were designed to meet their needs as perceived by others. Information about their routines, choices, preferences, culture before, during and after they are diagnosed with the ill-health, which is important to their well-being and at their best interest must be documented in their care plan in order to meet their needs and to organise their care support effectively. (Cantley 2001). Organisations such Alzheimer Society and Social Care Institute of Excellence provide support to carers and health professionals to improve the quality of life of people affected with Dementia through web resources, free e-learning programmes etc in order for their voice to be heard (Alzheimers Society). Also, The National Dementia Declaration for England has made a pledge to improve services for service users and carers by ensuring that they have choice and control over the decisions that affect them and live in a supportive environment (Community Care 2010). Overall, it can be concluded that over the years, there have been changes in development of social work provision which has brought about important legislations to tackle the issues of discrimination and oppression on people with dementia. It has been evaluated that public and professional attitudes towards ageing and the ill-health are now changing rapidly. It was also recognised that through good social work practice, involving dementia sufferers in decision making would enhance empowerment; promote their choices and self determination while maintaining independence. This provided me with understanding of how services views are essential in improving social service provisions. It is therefore imperative to encourage further learning within social work provision to ensure good practice is sustained.

My name is Khan Essay

My name is Khan is an Indian film that revolved around the life of Rizwan Khan, a Muslim who suffered Asperger’s Syndrome. Because of his problem in dealing with new places, people, loud colors and sharp sounds, he was given special care by his mother and private tutoring by a scholar which led to jealousy on part of his brother. Khan was taught by his mother that there were only two kinds of people in this world- the good and the bad. After her mother died, Rizwan moved to San Francisco and lived with his brother and sister-in-law. He was then employed by his brother as a sales man for Mehnaz Herbal Beauty Products. While working, he met and fell in love with Mandira, a divorced Hindu hairdresser who has a 6- year old son called Sam. After Khan showed a place that hasn’t been seen before by Mandira, they married and settle down in Banville even against the will of his brother. It was considered blasphemy, according to Rizwan’s brother, to marry a Hindu. Mandira and Sam took Rizwan’s surname. Everything seemed to be perfect for the family when the 9/11 attack happened in New York City and shattered the lives of the Khans. The Khan family, as well as the other Muslims, began to experience discrimination, harassments and hate crimes from the American community. Mandira had to close her job; Rizvan’s sister-in-law was attacked for she was wearing a scarf; Sam experienced bullying and his best friend turned away from him. He got into a fight with few school kids for they were blaming him as a terrorist and was beaten to death. Mandira blamed Rizwan’s surname for Sam’s tragic death. She banished him and told him not to return until he tells the U. S president that even though he is a Muslim, he is not a terrorist. Rizwan then started a long and lonely journey across America to tell the President of the USA: â€Å"My name is Khan and I am not a terrorist. † Along his journey, he met Mama Jenny and her son Joel, helped them when a hurricane hit the place they lived, was arrested by the police after been mistaken as a terrorist in a crowd and was stabbed by one of the followers of a man he reported in the authority after overhearing his violent rhetoric. Amidst the obstacles he underwent, he was able to meet the president, and told him â€Å"My name is Khan and I am not a terrorist†. The film concluded with Mandira and Rizwan going home. Conventionally, real man should be tough and should not show emotions. But seeing the film My Name is Khan, my heart of stone trembled and I caught myself teary-eyed. I was greatly impressed of Rizvan’s special ability to repair mechanical things particularly when the young Rizwan made an alternative pump to drive the water out from his teacher’s house and how he can repair almost everything. I was inspired by how Rizwan overcome his limitation as an autistic man in order to journey on across the different states of America just to meet the president of the USA. I was saddened by how discrimination can tear a family apart; how it can bring damage to the oppressed party especially when discrimination is to be blamed for a death of a loved one. No matter what, Rizwan’s life brought happiness to us and proved that every cloud will always have its silver lining. Faithfulness is the one of the values I have learned in this movie. Rizvan’s strong faith to Allah never waived amidst the prejudice against Muslim by the American community. â€Å"Prayer should never depend upon the place or the people. It should depend upon your belief†, said Rizvan. Second is respectfulness not only to the people, but also to one’s own religion. Mandira and Rizvan respect one another’s religion. They gave each other space to perform their own beliefs. Third is selflesness. Rizvan rushed to Georgia in the middle of hurricane to help Mama Jenny who once sheltered him. His act of kindness moved the world and brought volunteers to Georgia to aid the victims of the hurricane. Fourth is humility. Rizvan never failed to remain humble. When he was ill- treated in the airport, he did not complain. When he was released from being detained, he did not despise the people who imprisoned him. When Mandira asked him to leave, he did not question. Instead he only asked when he can return. Lastly, Rizvan taught me the essence of love. It wasn’t anger or hatred that helped Rizvan succeed in his journey, it was his love for his family and of Allah. It was also love that helped Rizvan and Mandira moved on after the death of Sam. After watching the film, I can say that media took a big role in cultivating the minds of the people to look Muslims as a violent people and Islam as a violent religion using the issues concerning them like the 9/11 attack. One statement from the media can greatly affect the perception of the people towards the issue. We tend to focus on the negative sides of the Muslim and discriminate them. What we don’t know is the brighter side of them, their irrevocable love for Allah and central practices that does not advocate violence and promote peace. Then what about the Muslim terrorists and their actions? For me, they did inhumane acts not for their religion but for their own selfish motives, not religiously but politically. But what happened was that media took blame on their religion and their teachings. I can’t blame the media totally since this practice of blaming is even practice by our society and families. It became traditional that changing it will be difficult and will take a longer time. For example, someone commit a crime. Our society will not blame you totally but also your family, your background, and your religion. Moreover, My Name is Khan taught us that differences in religions cannot hinder two persons in love to have a successful marriage and peaceful living. We may have different names for our God, but all of them have one in common- they all symbolize love.

Justice Attainable Or Just Another Illusion - 2051 Words

Justice: Attainable or Just Another Illusion? What is misrepresentation? Well, the basic definition of misrepresentation states that it is â€Å"the action or offense of giving a false or misleading account of the nature of something† (). In the novels Nectar in a Sieve and Born on the Fourth of July, I was introduced to the idea of misrepresentation, which correlates with the theme of injustice, through the construction of the tannery and the glamorization of the Vietnam war. The lives of both of the main characters from each novel were drastically altered because of false entities that were disguised as supposed opportunities. In Nectar in a Sieve, the idea of the tannery was first introduce in chapter 4. Its intentions were described as providing a comparatively barbaric society with the means to grow into a more complex nation that was not utterly dependent upon nature. Most of the villagers rejoiced upon hearing the news because they had grown weary of relying on the coop eration of the weather, in order to produce enough crops so their families would not starve. The conniving Kunthi was especially excited, since she was originally from a more modern village. â€Å"Soon there will be shops and tea stalls, and even a bioscope, such as I have been to before I was married† (Markandaya29). However, Rukmani was suspicious of the tannery since the beginning and refused to concede or â€Å"bend like the grass, that you do not break† as Nathan would have put it (Markandaya 28). It was onlyShow MoreRelatedThe Role of a Good City Thinking: Utopia, Dystopia and Heterotopia2448 Words   |  10 PagesThis persuasive image is defined as utopia and today more than ever, there is no theory without utopia. Otherwise, a person is content to record what he sees before his eyes† Lefebvre wrote (Pinder, 2013, p.1). 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Life of a Serial Killer, Jeffrey Dahmer - 774 Words

His parents tried to employ a private tutor for him, but the tutor did not succeed. The same year his parents began attending counseling sessions to try to resolve their differences and protect their marriage, but the counseling was eventually unsuccessful and they divorced. Jeffrey graduated from high school in May of 1978 and a few weeks before he graduated, one of his teachers noticed him near the parking lot drinking multiple cans of beer. After the teacher threatened to expose the matter, he claimed that he was experiencing many difficulties at home and the counselor at the school knew it. His mother was awarded custody of his brother David, and moved out to live with her family. At this time Jeffrey had turned 18, and was legally an adult, and was left to fend for himself. Jeffrey committed his first murder in 1978 when he was 18 years old, three weeks after he graduated from high school. By then he was living in the family house alone due to his parents divorce. He woul d lure youths to his house to keep him company while he was drinking. Steven W. Hicks, a hitchhiker that Jeffrey picked up along the road, agreed to accompany him to his house for drinks, not knowing that he would become Jeffrey Dahmers very first victim. After several hours of drinking, Hicks was ready to go home, but Jeffrey wanted him to stay (Davis, 1991). Jeffrey later struck Hicks from behind using a dumbbell as he sat on a chair. 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Essay on Topman SWOT Analysis - 1275 Words

Topman SWOT Analysis Strengths: Topman already has more than 309 fashion stores nationwide with another 50 stores outside the United Kingdom division. Topman boasts the worlds largest fashion store in London with over 200,000 shoppers per week, Topman gets twice deliveries per day and 7,000 looks per season. In the year 2006, Topman’s operating profit hits 110 million with its annual sales of 600 million now. It brings a strong brand image of Topman based on the successful achievement to consumer’s mindset. Strong brand image builds confidence and reliability towards Topman’s product. In a nutshell, expending Topman’s market in Vietnam has a strong potential to gain sustainable profit. Topman has their very own Internet website where†¦show more content†¦In short, Topman is a retailer of trendy and edgy clothing that targets a diverse population. In addition, Topman had also won many awards and received a lot of compliments of high end fashion magazines and media press. They have the ability to appeal to funky 16 years old look to the mature twenty and thirty something. Congruently, Topman unlike many retailers varies each collection every two weeks, instead of every season like the majority of retailers do. Topman and Topshop is the only retail outlet which provide customers with exciting store elements. They allow their customers to feel the unique Topman experience which includes a cafà ©, radio station, nail bar, a vintage range, Topshop TV channel, VIP changing rooms. Part of Topman’s experience is interacting with a style advisor who works as fashion consultant to those shopping for a more complete outfit. Weaknesses: Even though Topman has over 300 stores in the United Kingdom and over 50 internationally, they are still lack of experience on international market. Topman has not cracked the Asia division. The whole of Asia is considered to be part of the most important division in the world, and countries like Vietnam is considered to be one of the important ones. Topman has also been in trouble for abuse of factory workers which madeShow MoreRelatedSwot for Topman1287 Words   |  6 Pages5.0 SWOT Analysis Strengths: Topman already has more than 309 fashion stores nationwide with another 50 stores outside the United Kingdom division. Topman boasts the worlds largest fashion store in London with over 200,000 shoppers per week, Topman gets twice deliveries per day and 7,000 looks per season. In the year 2006, Topman’s operating profit hits 110 million with its annual sales of 600 million now. It brings a strong brand image of Topman based on the successful achievement to consumer’sRead MoreTopshop Marketing Plan5356 Words   |  22 Pagesfast-fashion retailers. The company is a multinational Omni-channel fashion retailer. 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Ansoff’s Matrix Theory 28. HM SWOT Analysis 29. Like for Like Comparison 20-21. External Analysis 30. PESTLE Analysis 22-23. Objectives 31-32. BibliographyRead Moreâ€Å"an Analysis of Marks and Spencer’s Current Strategic Position, and How Marks and Spencer’s Will Develop These Strategies in the Future.†3095 Words   |  13 Pages| â€Å"An analysis of Marks and Spencer’s current strategic position, and how Marks and Spencer’s will develop these strategies in the future.† | | | Assessment 2 â€Å"An analysis of Marks and Spencer’s current strategic position, and how Marks and Spencer’s will develop these strategies in the future.† Company Background Marks and Spencer (Mamp;S) is one of the UK’s leading retailers, with over 21 million people visiting its stores each week. Mamp;S offers stylish, high quality, great valueRead MoreZara Mkg Plan5206 Words   |  21 PagesTable Of Contents 1.0 Executive Summary Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…3 2.0 Situation Analysis Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â….......3 2.1 Market Summary Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…3 2.1.1 Market Demographics Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â….4 2.1.2 Market Trends Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â….5 2.1.3 Market Needs Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…......6 2.1.4 Market Growth Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…7 2.2 SWOT Analysis Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…..8 2.2.1 Strengths Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â….8 2.2.2 Weaknesses Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â….9 2.2.3 Opportunities Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Read MoreZaras Marketing Strategy4316 Words   |  17 Pagesability to face the challenges of the apparel industry. The company keeps its operating income elevated, has a strong and unique business model, and has various opportunities for expansion in the retail industry (Craig et al, 2004). 2.0 Situation Analysis To many Europeans, Zara is a familiar face with consistently trendy, well-priced new apparel every week. Market segments within the fashion retail context are very broad, but mainly include young, educated people, who are fashionable and sensitive

Scrutinizing Adultery in the East Asian milieu through East Asian films Free Essays

string(49) " her spouse and evade extramarital relationship\." The ThinkExist dictionary states that adultery means immorality or unchastity of thinking as well as demeanour, as outlawed by the seventh commandment. It is the â€Å"unfaithfulness of a married person to the marriage bed; sexual intercourse by a married man with another other than his wife, or voluntary sexual intercourse by a married woman with another other than her husband†. It is regrettable that adultery is becoming extensive and out of control in the society of today. We will write a custom essay sample on Scrutinizing Adultery in the East Asian milieu through East Asian films or any similar topic only for you Order Now The fact that adultery is becoming widespread is perhaps due to the moral disposition of a particular country and its inhabitants or lack of appropriate implementation of the laws on adultery of a certain country. Astoundingly, adultery can be investigated in diverse contexts depending on the mores or background surrounding which adultery has been looked into. This write-up seeks to explore the concept of adultery in the East Asian context or perception by way of East Asian films or other creative or literary works for that matter. In the article Adultery and Bigamy in China, Jeffrey Hays describes how adultery is being depicted in the book â€Å"Bound Feet and Western Dress† by Pang-Mei Natasha Chang. Hays pointed out that the Chinese author Pang-Mei Natasha Chang tells the story of her great aunt Yu-I through this book. The book starts with the childhood days of Yu-I, her arranged marriage to Hsu Chih-Mo (her husband who was unfaithful to her), their divorce and the profession she later had. In this book, the author Pang-Mei Natasha Chang is told by her great aunt Yu-I, â€Å"You always ask me if I loved Hsu Chih-Mo, and you know I cannot answer this. It confuses me, this question, because everyone always tells me that I did so much for Hsu Chih-Mo, I must have loved him. In my entire life, I have never said to anyone, ‘I love you.’ If caring for Hsu Chih-Mo and his family was love, then maybe I loved him†. Without a doubt, the book â€Å"Bound Feet and Western Dress† enlightens readers of the story of the earliest contemporary adultery in China. The adultery committed by Hsu Chih-Mo, the husband of Yu-I, in the narrative was stimulated by the actuality that the characters in the story were involved in an arranged marriage which is common in China. Arranged marriages can fuel or can cause adulterous acts to be perpetrated by either the husband or the wife with another woman or man correspondingly because of the fact that these types of marriages brings into the marital union two persons who are completely strangers to each other. These strangers are compelled to treat each other as husband and wife without being given the opportunity to know each other well. Hence, it becomes inevitable for any of the spouses to seek extramarital affection through illicit affairs with someone other than their spouses the moment they discovered that they are not really in love with the person they have married. Jeffrey Hays in the article Adultery and Bigamy in China laments that â€Å"simplified marriage procedures have led to a rise in bigamy†. In the past, according to Hays, it was ordinary for rich Chinese men to marry three or four women simultaneously. The wives had diverse responsibilities. They regularly had shared duties in the rearing and raising of their different children. The Chinese authorities plan to make public the nationwide marriage registry online so that wives can investigate their spouses and be convinced that they are not married to other women. The scheme has been initiated in order to eradicate bigamy and other adulterous conduct especially among Chinese men. The Chinese movie â€Å"In the Mood for Love† is another artistic work that depicts adultery in East Asian perspective. The director of the film is Wong Kar Wai. TKL, the assessor of the movie, states that regardless of all the hitches that occurred while the movie was being filmed, it turned out to be one of the best works of Wong Kar Wai. The film, according to TKL, is a soppy work of art that tells the story of a â€Å"couple in love and of lost opportunities†. The central characters in the movie, namely Mrs. Chan and Mr. Chow (Tony Leung) are both married to their respective spouses. They, however, got acquainted with each other and soon traded glimpses and lovely salutations towards each other. An extramarital affair soon began between the two characters after they have determined that their respective spouses were having an illicit affair. TKL continues his movie review by stating that Mrs. Chan and Mr. Chow initially wanted to map out how the illicit affair of their respective spouses began â€Å"until they unknowingly fell in love with each other too†. Mrs. Chan turned down the idea of fostering their extramarital relationship on account of her guilt feelings and on account of the fact that she did not want to be unfaithful like her husband and the wife of Mr. Chow. The film is clouded with romantic passions and unexpressed emotions. TKL declares that there was absence of societal restriction and there was no genuine disapproval for adultery. â€Å"The movie carries such pessimistic views†, TKL continues. â€Å"There is no positive message about fighting for love, or overcoming obstacles for love or even that love conquers all†. The movie mainly depicts the lives of those people who are not daring when it comes to love and prefer not to take the risks and spend the rest of their lives in disappointment and misery as a result. It shows how chances that once were lost could be lost perpetually. This Chinese motion picture suggests a familiar view that happiness can be obtained through a prohibited relationship with another person and such bliss can be forever unachievable if one were to select the rightful path. The rightful path is the path that invites one to forget one’s feelings towards someone who is not his or her spouse and evade extramarital relationship. You read "Scrutinizing Adultery in the East Asian milieu through East Asian films" in category "Papers" South Korea is one more country besides China which is situated in East Asia. South Korean dramas or motion pictures have achieved prominence and intense popularity in the past years. South Korean actors and actresses themselves have achieved tremendous recognition not only in South Korea but also in other states particularly in Asia and in the countries in the West. Cedric Collemine, in his article Adultery is Secret of Dramas’ Success, proclaims that when unfaithfulness is the main account of a new motion picture or a drama series in South Korea, spectators criticize and state that they have enough of the theme. Nevertheless, it was determined that these same spectators continue to be fastened to their television screens. Spectators pass judgment on stories about adulterous affairs but they still get pleasure from watching them. â€Å"And the more infidelity a show has, the higher its TV ratings are†. Collemine continues his scrutiny by relating that SBS will show a fresh drama series entitled â€Å"The Other Woman† and to separate this drama series from the other drama series, it will illustrate several unsafe extramarital relationships. To demonstrate uniqueness, Collemine states that the conception of the drama â€Å"The Other Woman† is â€Å"double infidelity†. A lady in the drama suffers extreme heartaches because of the illicit affairs committed by her spouse, but then she herself is committing adultery. It is important to mention that the plot that one person suffered pain due to the adulterous relationship of his or her spouse and then later finds himself or herself to fall into another traitorous relationship is parallel to the movie ‘April Snow’, starring Bae Yong-joon and Son Ye-jin. â€Å"My Rosy Life† is another South Korean drama series that is featured in the article Adultery is Secret of Dramas’ Success by Cedric Collemine. The story of â€Å"My Rosy Life† starts with a woman who â€Å"looks back into her own life after her marriage is in shambles after her husband committed adultery†. Jee-su, the central character in the narrative, is a staunch housewife for a decade. Her other half, Jae-min suddenly makes a shocking announcement. The shocking announcement is that Jae-min, her husband, is in love with another woman. He demands a divorce from his wife whom he has been married for thirteen years in order to live with another woman whom he has been having an affair for only two months. Jae-min tries every means in order to get a divorce from Jee-su his wife while Jee-su tries everything to alter the decision of her husband. The divorce came and after which, Jae-min asks his mistress to tie the knot with him but his mistress declines. For the time being, Jee-su lives alone and runs a business when she gets acquainted with a cable TV producer named Do-yeon whom she has fallen in love with. Ironically, the wife of Do-yeon is the mistress of her husband Jae-min. â€Å"Jee-su, who was a victim to the infidelity of her husband, now becomes the afflicter, and the four people get entangled in complicated love relationships†. This narrative, according to the producers, will offer an occasion for fully grown people to bring to mind their lives after marriage. Nevertheless, in contrast to â€Å"My Rosy Life†, which culminates with remorse and a recuperated marriage, â€Å"The Other Woman† inflames the audience with a lot of complex adulterous love affairs. It is safe to proclaim that up to date motion pictures and dramas have had triumph with traitorous themes. Surprisingly, however, in contrast to the triumph that these South Korean dramas and films with adulterous content experience, adulterous relationships perpetrated in actuality are dealt with seriously by the South Korean government. In connection with this, Jack Kim in his write-up, Jail for Adultery Law Upheld, asserts that the highest court of South Korea has upheld an adultery law that is decades-old. The said adultery law can imprison guilty persons due to the commission of illicit or adulterous love affairs. Some people, however, say that such fact pertaining to imprisonment due to defiance of the adultery law is â€Å"anachronistic and infringes on personal freedom†. According to Jack Kim in his write-up, the court declares that the lawful observation of the general public that â€Å"adultery is damaging to the social order and infringes on the rights of another continues to be effective†. The legal battle began when the lawyers for actress Ok Bo-kyung made an appeal in January of 2008 in connection to the chaotic divorce arrangements that Ok Bo-kyung and her husband had entered into. Ok Bo-kyung disclosed that she indeed had an extramarital affair; nevertheless she accused her husband as an inadequate spouse. â€Å"The adultery law †¦ has degenerated into a means of revenge by the spouse, rather than a means of saving a marriage,† the petition of Ok Bo-kyung had said. The adultery law was passed by the South Korean government in 1953 for the purpose of protecting women. Kim further disclosed that â€Å"in this male-dominated society, women had little recourse against a husband who had an affair. Back then, if a wife walked out of a marriage, she would often end up alone and penniless†. Currently, it is infrequent for unfaithful spouses to be imprisoned but such fact has not prevented lots of furious spouses from initiating criminal complaints every year. Indeed, it is clear by scrutinizing the circumstances at hand, that the adultery law of South Korea has a very righteous and noble objective which is that of safeguarding the marital rights of women and deferring unfaithful husbands from committing adultery. It is also obvious however, that although the law has been utilized towards that end, it has also been utilized towards other aims such as seeking retribution and justice. The diverse East Asian films and other creative efforts that were dealt with that contained betrayal and adulterous subject matters can be utilized to explore how these films and artistic works reflect the viewpoint of a particular country on adultery and more importantly the character of the people in a particular country. To start with, it is relevant to point out the piece of writing entitled, Film View; What’s Adultery? A Little Sex, A Lot of Politics which is written by Caryn James. James, in her writing states that it is significant to examine what several film makers are doing for adultery at present. No less than eight movies from seven nations have provided a notion of betrayal around the globe in the past days. James pointed out that it is a clearly identifiable indication of a tumultuous â€Å"social era†. The film â€Å"Ju Duo† which is set in China in the 1920’s has a familiar storyline which is that of an arranged marriage between an adolescent girl and an elder man. The arranged marriage directs the adolescent woman to commit infidelity which unfortunately leads to murder. The Japanese film â€Å"The Sting of Death† on the other hand, illustrates a woman who realizes the adultery committed by her husband and goes crazy. James, in his writing cleverly pronounces that films like â€Å"Ju Duo†, â€Å"The Sting of Death† as well as the manuscript entitled, â€Å"Bound Feet and Western Dress† bring to the fore conjugal faithlessness to an imaginative and creative aspiration. James said that â€Å"in all these films, adultery is more than a matter of love or passion†. These films use the account of the marriage and adultery of a person to unveil societal insincerity in order to examine and condemn â€Å"one of the most crucial standards by which any culture lives†. â€Å"Most often, infidelity becomes a symbolic act of rebellion against the traditional social order†. Simply put, the diverse East Asian movies particularly those in China that has adultery as their main theme are utilized by filmmakers in order to demonstrate their condemnation and disapproval of the existence of arranged marriages as part of the culture and common practices in China. Their disapproval on arranged marriages is being manifested in a subtle and imaginative fashion. Every East Asia film on adultery has been dealt with in a manner attributable to the â€Å"cinematic style† of each country in order to portray exceptionality and to present an informative â€Å"cross-cultural view†. In movies such as â€Å"Ju Dou†, adulterous conduct is unequivocally illustrated as a brave opposition against obsolete and old-fashioned practices. James said that these movies enlighten viewers of zeal and aggression, but they are more concerned with societal commentary. In the film â€Å"Ju Dou†, every ensuing behaviour of the main character named Ju Dou rebels the common practices of China that fastens her to an abusive spouse. â€Å"The affair and illegitimate son she has with Tian Qing are both symbolic and personal†. The abusive husband, so despicable that he attempts to kill the child, symbolizes the wicked traditions (and in addition the Chinese government dominion) that have held China back. When the wicked husband dies, a family leader calls upon the prehistoric ideas and evicts Tian Qing. â€Å"Challenging such rigid social patterns is both heroic and tragic and in this context, the persistent love between Ju Dou and Tian Qing is as much a failed social rebellion as it is a private passion†. James further said that in films such as â€Å"Ju Dou, the movie producer feels sorry for seditious lovers, whose ardent opposition to tradition bears figurative credence. The other personalities in the movie who contest the arranged marriage and the penalty for adultery are likewise tough characters. Nevertheless, the insurgence falls short, leading to a bereavement that functions as a powerful condemnation of obsolete common practices for its own sake. The film â€Å"The Sting of Death†, on the other end, is much more unequivocal in its utilization of adulterous theme as a ‘social metaphor’. â€Å"The film uses the medium of the relationship of a husband and wife to graphically depict the character of the Japanese people in the post war era†. The wife in this story married a soldier about to be sent to battle. This movie does not portray an arranged marriage but it is one that is â€Å"coloured by the exigencies of war and nationalism† and â€Å"when she discovers his infidelity after ten years of marriage and two children, the screen overflows with his guilt, her obsessive recriminations and mutual threats of suicide†. Certainly, the various East Asia movies and creative works that were scrutinized in this composition reflect the objective of the movie producers in creating such films with adulterous subject matters. These movie producers want to make a virulent statement towards the government of the country where they inhabit. These movie makers used artistic mechanisms to display their condemnation of a certain rigid societal pattern or to display their abhorrence or adoration to adultery itself and finally to demonstrate their deliberation on the quality of the people in a particular country specially those countries wherein which adulterous relationship is rampant. Works Cited Collemine, Cedric. â€Å"Adultery is Secret of Dramas’ Success†. December 2, 2005. http://www.hancinema.net/adultery-is-secret-of-dramas-success-4581.html. Hays, Jeffrey. â€Å"Adultery and Bigamy in China†. April 2010. http://factsanddetails.com/china.php?itemid=108catid=4subcatid=20. James, Caryn. â€Å"Film View; What’s Adultery? A Little Sex, A Lot of Politics†. October 14, 1990. http://www.nytimes.com/1990/10/14/movies/film-view-what-s-adultery-a-little-sex-a-lot-of politics.html?pagewanted=1?pagewanted=1. Kim, Jack. â€Å"Jail for Adultery Law Upheld†. October 30, 2008. http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE49T65I20081030. ThinkExist, â€Å"Meaning of Adultery†. 2010. http://thinkexist.com/dictionary/meaning/adultery/ TKL, â€Å"In the Mood for Love†. 2008. http://www.spcnet.tv/Movies/In-the-Mood-for-Love-review-r444.html. How to cite Scrutinizing Adultery in the East Asian milieu through East Asian films, Papers

Bad News Message free essay sample

The bad news message that I have chosen to analyze, is a message of the salary reduction sent from a director of the human resources department to a staff from the division of language studies in a university. There is only one main idea in the whole letter; it is to inform the audience, who is the staff from the division of language studies, that there will be a deduction in her university salary. The letter is written in a direct approach, which means from the letter the main idea can be straightly and clearly understood by the intended audience.The reason that direct approach is eying used in this salary reduction letter is because among various kinds of bad news messages, salary reduction is not regarded as a very serious kind of bad news such as termination of contract etc. By looking at the heading of the letter chastisement of University Salaries, the word chastisement is a word with positive tone that effectively replaced the actual word seduction. We will write a custom essay sample on Bad News Message or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is good to use a positive tone in the heading to avoid pointing out the bad news right at the beginning.The reason for salary adjustment is clearly stated in the first paragraph. And the main idea salary reduction is basically focused in the second paragraph, which is the middle of the letter; It Is a very good example of cushion effect which lessens audience uneasiness. But even If it is a bad news, it is very clearly stated, it can help to make things clear and avoid arguments later on. Also, the writer uses the phrase issues your consents in the first paragraph; It gives the reader a feeling of being respected.This bad news message Is Indeed a very effective bad news message in terms of the language, content and organization. Firstly, when the audience read through the letter, the wordings from the letter and mostly In a very positive tone which makes the reader feel less uneasy. Secondly, It Is using a direct approach and the mall Idea of the letter Is clearly pin-pointed without a lot of any other unrelated materials, which can make things very clear and avoid any arguments later on.Lastly, the whole structure of the bad news message Is well organized; the reason of writing Is clearly stated right In the beginning of the message so that the audience knows the purpose of the letter. The mall bad news sage Is brought out by a cushion effect In the middle of the message, and the finally the action the reader needs to do Is also clearly noticed at the end of the letter. I think this letter Is a good example of bad news message. If I were the recipient of this letter, I would not feel confused of what and why all these are happening even If I got the bad news.I think the writer of the letter has done a good job on easing audience pain also, which Is why I think I will not be very troubled and upset If I were the audience. Bad News Message By candying which is t he middle of the letter; it is a very good example of cushion effect which Essen audience:s uneasiness. But even if it is a bad news, it is very clearly stated, the phrase issues your consents in the first paragraph; it gives the reader a feeling of being respected.This bad news message is indeed a very effective bad news audience read through the letter, the wordings from the letter and mostly in a very positive tone which makes the reader feel less uneasy. Secondly, it is using a direct approach and the main idea of the letter is clearly pin-pointed without a lot of any arguments later on. Lastly, the whole structure of the bad news message is well organized; the reason of writing is clearly stated right in the beginning of the message so that the audience knows the purpose of the letter.The main bad news message is brought out by a cushion effect in the middle of the message, and the finally the action the reader needs to do is also clearly noticed at the end of the letter. I think this letter is a good example of bad news message. If I were the happening even if I got the bad news . I think the writer of the letter has done a good job on easing audience pain also, which is why I think I will not be very troubled and upset if I were the audience.